We aimed to determine how vitamin K1 affects coronary artery calcifications in patients undergoing hemodialysis. In our study with 60 participants, we compared the effects of intravenous vitamin K1 against a placebo over 12 months.
The results showed that vitamin K1 significantly slowed the progression of coronary artery calcifications by 55%, compared to the placebo group. This finding suggests vitamin K1 may offer an important benefit in managing heart health for those with chronic kidney disease.
Read More
7
Real-world effectiveness of blood thinners
Emulation of ARISTOTLE and ROCKET AF trials in real-world atrial fibrillation patients results in similar efficacy and safety as original landmark trials: insights from the GARFIELD-AF registry.
We explored how well the outcomes of landmark trials for two blood thinners—apixaban and rivaroxaban—hold up in real-world atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. By examining data from the GARFIELD-AF registry, we found that patients on these treatments had similar results in preventing strokes, bleeding, and overall mortality when compared to those on vitamin K antagonists.
While apixaban showed promising results, rivaroxaban had more mixed findings, yet overall, the effectiveness and safety were largely in line with the original trials. This suggests that these medications can be appropriately used in everyday medical practice.
Read More
4
Vitamin K antagonists raise mortality risk
Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Observational Study.
We analyzed data from a study involving patients who underwent mitral valve repair and had atrial fibrillation, comparing the effects of direct oral anticoagulants to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Surprisingly, we found that both treatments led to similar rates of serious complications, like strokes or bleeding. However, those on VKAs showed a significantly higher overall mortality. This suggests that while both anticoagulants may work similarly for immediate outcomes, VKAs might come with increased risks for longer-term survival. Further research is needed to clarify the best options for these patients.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Reduced artery plaque
44 people found this helpful
It has worked wonders for my dental health. After my heart attack in February 2018, I followed an aggressive plant-based diet alongside taking this product with vitamin D3. A recent calcium scoring CT scan revealed that the plaque in my left artery has decreased from severe to moderate, and the other arteries show no plaque. I'm truly grateful for this outcome, as it significantly aids in treating heart disease.
Read More
9
Aids calcium absorption
3 people found this helpful
This is an excellent product for anyone taking calcium or vitamin D. It helps direct calcium to the bones rather than the joints, alleviating pain and combating heart disease.
Read More
0
Negative side effects
3 people found this helpful
I experienced heart palpitations and dizziness after using this. I felt quite ill.
We aimed to determine how vitamin K1 affects coronary artery calcifications in patients undergoing hemodialysis. In our study with 60 participants, we compared the effects of intravenous vitamin K1 against a placebo over 12 months.
The results showed that vitamin K1 significantly slowed the progression of coronary artery calcifications by 55%, compared to the placebo group. This finding suggests vitamin K1 may offer an important benefit in managing heart health for those with chronic kidney disease.
Read More
9
DOACs outperform VKAs post-LAAC
Left atrial appendage closure in patients with failure of anticoagulation therapy: A multicenter comparative study on the hybrid strategy using DOACs and VKAs.
We analyzed a study comparing two anticoagulation options—direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs)—in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who faced blood clots despite previous treatment.
Our findings reveal that those on DOACs had significantly fewer cardioembolic events and complications following left atrial appendage closure.
In contrast, patients on VKAs did not show the same benefit, which suggests that DOACs may be a more effective option for ongoing treatment in these cases.
Read More
7
Real-world effectiveness of blood thinners
Emulation of ARISTOTLE and ROCKET AF trials in real-world atrial fibrillation patients results in similar efficacy and safety as original landmark trials: insights from the GARFIELD-AF registry.
We explored how well the outcomes of landmark trials for two blood thinners—apixaban and rivaroxaban—hold up in real-world atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. By examining data from the GARFIELD-AF registry, we found that patients on these treatments had similar results in preventing strokes, bleeding, and overall mortality when compared to those on vitamin K antagonists.
While apixaban showed promising results, rivaroxaban had more mixed findings, yet overall, the effectiveness and safety were largely in line with the original trials. This suggests that these medications can be appropriately used in everyday medical practice.
Read More
5
Vitamin K antagonists: outcomes assessed
Incidence and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Valvular and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Using Vitamin K Antagonists.
We investigated the impact of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) on patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Our study included 1,350 patients who received VKA for at least a year, tracking various outcomes like cardiovascular death and thromboembolic events.
Interestingly, while we noted predictors for these clinical outcomes—like previous thromboembolism or bleeding—no significant improvement in heart disease was directly linked to vitamin K treatment itself. Instead, factors such as age and kidney function played crucial roles in determining patient outcomes.
Read More
4
Vitamin K antagonists raise mortality risk
Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Observational Study.
We analyzed data from a study involving patients who underwent mitral valve repair and had atrial fibrillation, comparing the effects of direct oral anticoagulants to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Surprisingly, we found that both treatments led to similar rates of serious complications, like strokes or bleeding. However, those on VKAs showed a significantly higher overall mortality. This suggests that while both anticoagulants may work similarly for immediate outcomes, VKAs might come with increased risks for longer-term survival. Further research is needed to clarify the best options for these patients.
It has worked wonders for my dental health. After my heart attack in February 2018, I followed an aggressive plant-based diet alongside taking this product with vitamin D3. A recent calcium scoring CT scan revealed that the plaque in my left artery has decreased from severe to moderate, and the other arteries show no plaque. I'm truly grateful for this outcome, as it significantly aids in treating heart disease.
Read More
9
Aids calcium absorption
3 people found this helpful
This is an excellent product for anyone taking calcium or vitamin D. It helps direct calcium to the bones rather than the joints, alleviating pain and combating heart disease.
Read More
0
Negative side effects
3 people found this helpful
I experienced heart palpitations and dizziness after using this. I felt quite ill.
Read More
9
Doctor-recommended
2 people found this helpful
As per my doctor's prescription, I take K2 to aid D3 absorption. It is indispensable for the heart and blood vessels, and I've noticed significant benefits. The tablets are easy to swallow and the quality is good.
Read More
9
Supports healthy bones
2 people found this helpful
Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and healthy bones. It reduces heart disease risks, enhances bone health, and promotes dental health. I appreciate the benefits it brings.
Heart disease refers to a range of conditions that affect the heart's function and overall health. This umbrella term includes various cardiovascular issues such as coronary artery disease, which is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries; heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias); and heart defects present at birth (congenital heart defects). Additionally, heart disease encompasses conditions related to the heart muscle, such as cardiomyopathy, and the heart's valves, which might not open or close properly. The effects of heart disease can be significant, impacting not only physical health but also quality of life, making prevention and timely medical intervention crucial.
Several risk factors contribute to the development of heart disease, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, diabetes, obesity, poor diet, physical inactivity, and smoking. Genetics also play a role, as heart disease can run in families. To mitigate the risks, healthcare professionals typically recommend lifestyle changes such as adopting a heart-healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and avoiding tobacco use. For those already diagnosed with heart disease, treatment options can vary widely, ranging from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions. Understanding the nature of heart disease and its risk factors is an essential step toward prevention and effective management.
Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin crucial for various bodily functions, particularly in the clotting process of blood. It exists in two primary forms: K1 (phylloquinone), which is primarily found in leafy green vegetables like spinach and kale, and K2 (menaquinone), which is found in fermented foods and certain animal products. Vitamin K plays a significant role in the synthesis of proteins that regulate blood coagulation and is also essential for bone metabolism, assisting in the binding of calcium to bones and other tissues.
Deficiencies in vitamin K can lead to increased bleeding and bruising, and in severe cases, it may contribute to bone weakness. While most people can obtain adequate amounts of vitamin K through a balanced diet rich in vegetables and fermented foods, those with certain medical conditions or who are on specific medications may require monitoring and supplementation. Incorporating a variety of nutrient-dense foods into your diet is the best way to ensure you get enough vitamin K for optimal health.
Recent studies suggest that Vitamin K may play a beneficial role in heart health, primarily due to its involvement in the regulation of calcium in the arteries. Vitamin K helps activate proteins that prevent calcium buildup in the arteries, which is a significant risk factor for heart disease. Some research has indicated that higher intake of vitamin K might be associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, although the evidence is still emerging and further studies are needed to establish a definitive link.
However, while Vitamin K can contribute to cardiovascular health, it is not a standalone solution for heart disease prevention or management. A well-rounded approach, including a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, regular physical activity, and other lifestyle modifications, should be your primary strategy. As always, consult with healthcare professionals before making any significant changes to your diet or supplement regimen.
When starting a vitamin K2 supplement for heart disease, users have reported varying timelines for experiencing results. Some individuals shared that they began noticing benefits in a matter of weeks. For instance, one user noted substantial relief and significant impacts on health within just two weeks of consistent use Read Review. Others indicated a more gradual improvement, emphasizing that it may take longer for some to see measurable changes in heart health, particularly when used alongside other supplements like vitamin D3 Read Review.
Additionally, users have highlighted the importance of consistency in taking the supplement for optimal heart health. One reviewer detailed their experience post-heart attack, illustrating the positive effects over time with a combination of a plant-based diet and K2 Read Review. Overall, while some users may feel effects quite quickly, most agree that continued use and patience are key to achieving long-term heart health results.
The scientific research regarding vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) presents a mixed picture when it comes to heart disease. In studies focused on patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), there's evidence suggesting limited improvements in cardiovascular outcomes directly linked to VKAs. For instance, a study involving 1,350 patients found that factors like age and kidney function were more predictive of clinical outcomes than the vitamin K treatment itself [1]. Moreover, another analysis indicated VKAs were associated with higher overall mortality compared to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) following mitral valve repair, which raises concerns about their long-term safety [2].
On a more positive note, one study highlighted that vitamin K1 may provide significant benefits in managing heart health, specifically in patients undergoing hemodialysis, by slowing the progression of coronary artery calcifications [5]. However, the general consensus remains that while VKAs have been utilized in treating specific conditions like AF, their overall effectiveness and safety in heart disease management might not be as strong compared to newer treatments like DOACs, which consistently show better outcomes in various settings [6]. Thus, while VKAs have some applications, more research is warranted to establish their role conclusively in heart disease treatment.
Based on user reviews, many individuals taking vitamin K2 have reported significant improvements in their health, particularly concerning heart and bone health. Several users noted that K2 helps in directing calcium to the bones rather than allowing it to accumulate in the arteries. One reviewer shared that their calcium scoring CT scan revealed a reduction in arterial plaque, highlighting the effectiveness of K2 alongside a plant-based diet and vitamin D3 Read Review. Others pointed out that K2 has alleviated pain in joints and associated heart issues, emphasizing its role in reducing heart disease risks Read Review.
While many testimonials celebrate these benefits, there are also cautionary tales. A user did experience unpleasant symptoms like heart palpitations and dizziness after using the supplement Read Review. Nonetheless, the general consensus among users who took K2 along with vitamin D3 appears to be positive, attributing enhanced cardiovascular health and improved calcium utilization to the supplement Read Review. Individual results may vary, and as with any supplement, it's advisable to consider personal health conditions and consult with a healthcare professional.
Users have reported that combining vitamin K2 with other supplements, particularly vitamin D3, can significantly enhance the benefits for heart health. Many individuals emphasize the importance of this combination to improve calcium metabolism, ensuring calcium is directed to the bones rather than accumulating in arteries, thereby decreasing the risk of heart disease. One user noted a reduction in arterial plaque after taking K2 alongside a plant-based diet and vitamin D3, highlighting the supplement’s effectiveness in maintaining cardiovascular health Read Review. Another review mentioned that K2 is essential for patients dealing with heart disease, as it helps reduce atherosclerotic plaques and supports blood vessel health when taken with vitamin D3 Read Review.
However, while most feedback is positive regarding the combination of K2 and D3 for heart health, some users reported adverse effects, such as heart palpitations and dizziness, after using K2, indicating that individual responses can vary Read Review. Generally, the consensus appears that the synergy between K2 and D3 not only supports heart health but also enhances overall wellness, with some users incorporating additional supplements like magnesium for further benefits Read Review. As always, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement regimen.
Users report a strong connection between Vitamin K2 and heart disease management, with many noting significant benefits when taken alongside Vitamin D3. One user, for instance, highlighted that K2 aids in D3 absorption and is crucial for heart and blood vessel health, noting "I've noticed significant benefits" from taking it Read Review. Another user emphasized that K2 is essential for patients with heart disease, stating it helps reduce atherosclerotic plaques and lower blood pressure Read Review.
Optimal dosing seems to be a recurring theme, with several users maintaining a regimen that includes both Vitamin K2 and D3, enabling enhanced calcium metabolism in bones while preventing calcification of blood vessels Read Review. One user even recommended taking one capsule daily of a quality K2 product to ensure effective calcium distribution and improved heart health Read Review. Overall, while specific dosages were not universally stated, the consensus indicates that combining Vitamin K2 with Vitamin D3 supports heart health effectively and should be considered as a worthwhile addition to the treatment regimen for heart disease.
7.5
Improved joint health
7 people found this helpful
Excellent! This product has positively impacted my joints and memory. After two weeks of use, I felt noticeable relief from back pain. It's particularly beneficial for cartilage and bone health, and it plays a role in addressing heart disease.
9
Atherosclerosis benefits
1 people found this helpful
K2 is essential for patients with heart and vascular disease. It can help reduce atherosclerotic plaques and lower blood pressure. If you take vitamin D3, you should definitely include K2 to support vascular health. The quality is excellent and the dosage is optimal.
9
Reduced artery plaque
44 people found this helpful
It has worked wonders for my dental health. After my heart attack in February 2018, I followed an aggressive plant-based diet alongside taking this product with vitamin D3. A recent calcium scoring CT scan revealed that the plaque in my left artery has decreased from severe to moderate, and the other arteries show no plaque. I'm truly grateful for this outcome, as it significantly aids in treating heart disease.
9
Aids calcium absorption
3 people found this helpful
This is an excellent product for anyone taking calcium or vitamin D. It helps direct calcium to the bones rather than the joints, alleviating pain and combating heart disease.
0
Negative side effects
3 people found this helpful
I experienced heart palpitations and dizziness after using this. I felt quite ill.
7.5
Blood vessel health
1 people found this helpful
Vitamin K2 supports bone health, blood vessels, and heart function while improving clotting and calcium absorption. This quality supplement contains an effective MK-7 form. I take it alongside vitamin D and magnesium for better synergy and absorption.
9
Doctor-recommended
2 people found this helpful
As per my doctor's prescription, I take K2 to aid D3 absorption. It is indispensable for the heart and blood vessels, and I've noticed significant benefits. The tablets are easy to swallow and the quality is good.
7.5
Cardiovascular risk reduction
1 people found this helpful
My favourite brand on iHerb is Now Foods. I take K2 to ensure proper calcium distribution in bones rather than soft tissues. I didn’t realise that vitamin D should be taken with K2 if dosed above 5000 IU, as it reduces the risk of heart disease and improves mitochondrial function.
7.5
Blood clotting support
1 people found this helpful
Now Foods' K2 is my favourite, revered for its quality. Vitamin K2 regulates metabolic processes, supports blood vessels, and aids in coagulation. It also helps improve brain function and reduce cancer risk. I recommend taking one capsule daily.
5
Vitamin K antagonists: outcomes assessed
Incidence and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Valvular and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Using Vitamin K Antagonists.
We investigated the impact of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) on patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Our study included 1,350 patients who received VKA for at least a year, tracking various outcomes like cardiovascular death and thromboembolic events.
Interestingly, while we noted predictors for these clinical outcomes—like previous thromboembolism or bleeding—no significant improvement in heart disease was directly linked to vitamin K treatment itself. Instead, factors such as age and kidney function played crucial roles in determining patient outcomes.
4
Vitamin K antagonists raise mortality risk
Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Observational Study.
We analyzed data from a study involving patients who underwent mitral valve repair and had atrial fibrillation, comparing the effects of direct oral anticoagulants to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs).
Surprisingly, we found that both treatments led to similar rates of serious complications, like strokes or bleeding. However, those on VKAs showed a significantly higher overall mortality. This suggests that while both anticoagulants may work similarly for immediate outcomes, VKAs might come with increased risks for longer-term survival. Further research is needed to clarify the best options for these patients.
9
Vitamin K1 reduces coronary calcifications
Effect of vitamin K1 supplementation on coronary calcifications in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.
We aimed to determine how vitamin K1 affects coronary artery calcifications in patients undergoing hemodialysis. In our study with 60 participants, we compared the effects of intravenous vitamin K1 against a placebo over 12 months.
The results showed that vitamin K1 significantly slowed the progression of coronary artery calcifications by 55%, compared to the placebo group. This finding suggests vitamin K1 may offer an important benefit in managing heart health for those with chronic kidney disease.
9
DOACs outperform VKAs post-LAAC
Left atrial appendage closure in patients with failure of anticoagulation therapy: A multicenter comparative study on the hybrid strategy using DOACs and VKAs.
We analyzed a study comparing two anticoagulation options—direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs)—in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who faced blood clots despite previous treatment.
Our findings reveal that those on DOACs had significantly fewer cardioembolic events and complications following left atrial appendage closure.
In contrast, patients on VKAs did not show the same benefit, which suggests that DOACs may be a more effective option for ongoing treatment in these cases.
References
Liporace IL, Oliveira GBF, Alves LBO, Galassi NM, Jeronimo AD, et al. Incidence and Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Valvular and Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation Using Vitamin K Antagonists. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025;122:e20240147. doi:10.36660/abc.20240147
Schipper JH, Sommer AS, Nies RJ, Metze C, Meertens MM, et al. Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Vitamin K Antagonists After Mitral Valve Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-Center Observational Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2025;14:e038834. doi:10.1161/JAHA.124.038834
Babadagli HE, Ye J, Chen J, Turgeon R, Wang EH. Efficacy and safety of anti-thrombotic therapy after surgical mitral valve repair: a scoping review. Open Heart. 2025;12. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2024-003158
Himmelreich JCL, Virdone S, Camm AJ, Pieper K, Harskamp RE, et al. Emulation of ARISTOTLE and ROCKET AF trials in real-world atrial fibrillation patients results in similar efficacy and safety as original landmark trials: insights from the GARFIELD-AF registry. Open Heart. 2025;12. doi:10.1136/openhrt-2024-002966
Macias-Cervantes HE, Ocampo-Apolonio MA, Guardado-Mendoza R, Baron-Manzo M, Pereyra-Nobara TA, et al. Effect of vitamin K1 supplementation on coronary calcifications in hemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Nephrol. 2025;38:511. doi:10.1007/s40620-024-02154-9
Preda A, Falasconi G, Melillo F, Margonato D, Posteraro GA, et al. Left atrial appendage closure in patients with failure of anticoagulation therapy: A multicenter comparative study on the hybrid strategy using DOACs and VKAs. Int J Cardiol. 2025;421:132875. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132875